Lesson Plan Teknis | Human Body: Movement

Objective

Duration: 15 to 20 minutes

This part of the lesson plan aims to lay a solid foundation for understanding the structures that facilitate human movement. By grasping how the muscular and skeletal systems operate, learners will be better equipped for hands-on activities and will see how this knowledge ties into real-world applications in fields like physiotherapy, exercise science, and ergonomics.

Objective Utama:

1. Identify and explain the key structures of the human musculoskeletal system.

2. Understand the role of each part of the muscular and skeletal systems in enabling movement.

Objective Sampingan:

1. Highlight the importance of maintaining good posture and caring for the musculoskeletal system for overall wellbeing.

Introduction

Duration: 15 to 20 minutes

This stage of the lesson plan aims to establish a firm understanding of the necessary structures for human movement. By comprehending how the muscular and skeletal systems function, learners will be more prepared for practical activities and will connect this knowledge to relevant fields such as physiotherapy, exercise science, and ergonomics.

Curiosities and Market Connection

Did you know the human body contains over 600 muscles? These muscles, along with our bones, help us perform actions ranging from a simple blink to intricate movements like dancing. Knowledge of the musculoskeletal system is vital in the job market, particularly in physical therapy, where professionals help individuals regain movement, and in ergonomics, which focuses on adapting workplaces to prevent injuries and boost productivity.

Contextualization

The human body is an intricate system that allows us to perform a myriad of movements, from simple actions to complex ones. This occurs because different bodily systems work together in harmony. Today, we’ll dive into the musculoskeletal system, which comprises muscles and bones, critical for movement and daily activities. Understanding these systems helps us value our health and emphasise the importance of good posture and proper care.

Initial Activity

Show a short video (3 to 4 minutes) that highlights how athletes train their muscles for peak performance. After the video, pose this thought-provoking question: 'How do you think our muscles and bones collaborate to create these incredible movements?' Allow students to discuss in small groups for a few minutes before sharing their ideas with the class.

Development

Duration: 45 to 50 minutes

This stage aims to deepen students' understanding of human movement through practical and reflective activities. By building a model of a joint, students apply theoretical concepts in real practice, aiding their knowledge of how bones and muscles function. The fixation exercises will reinforce learning and provide an opportunity to assess students' grasp of the topic.

Topics

1. Structures of the skeletal system: long, short, flat, and irregular bones.

2. Components of the muscular system: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.

3. The role of bones and muscles in movement.

4. The significance of maintaining good posture and caring for the musculoskeletal system.

Thoughts on the Subject

Guide students in reflecting on the significance of human movement in everyday activities, and how understanding the musculoskeletal system can be useful in professions such as physiotherapy and ergonomics. Encourage them to consider how good posture and care for these systems can affect their long-term health.

Mini Challenge

Get Building: Create a Joint Model

Students will construct a model of a joint using straightforward materials such as popsicle sticks, rubber bands, and modelling clay to grasp how bones and muscles work together for movement.

1. Split the class into small groups of 4 to 5.

2. Give each group materials (popsicle sticks, rubber bands, modelling clay).

3. Ask the groups to choose a specific joint to model, like the knee, elbow, or shoulder.

4. Instruct students to use popsicle sticks to represent bones and rubber bands for muscles/ligaments.

5. Modelling clay can be used to secure the sticks and bands, simulating the movement of the selected joint.

6. Once completed, each group should demonstrate how their joint functions and explain how bones and muscles work together to enable movement.

To practically demonstrate how bones and muscles interact to produce movement in the human body, reinforcing theoretical understanding.

**Duration: 30 to 35 minutes

Evaluation Exercises

1. Draw and label the main parts of a human body joint.

2. Write a short paragraph explaining the role of muscles in body movement.

3. List three careers that require in-depth knowledge of the musculoskeletal system and explain why this knowledge is crucial for each.

4. Discuss the importance of maintaining proper posture and the potential risks of bad posture for the musculoskeletal system.

Conclusion

Duration: 15 to 20 minutes

This stage consolidates students' acquired knowledge, promoting reflection on the significance of the musculoskeletal system and its practical uses. Through discussion and summary, students can reinforce the concepts they've learned and better understand how to utilize this knowledge in various contexts, personally and professionally.

Discussion

Facilitate an open discussion with students regarding the topics explored. Ask them to share what they found intriguing about the interaction between bones and muscles and how this understanding can be applied in their day-to-day lives and various careers. Encourage them to reflect on the challenges they encountered during the mini challenge and how the hands-on activity helped reinforce their theoretical knowledge. Invite them to share their thoughts on the importance of good posture and the necessary care for preserving the musculoskeletal system's health.

Summary

Recap the main topics discussed in class, stressing the significance of the musculoskeletal system in human movement. Highlight the structures of muscles and bones, their functions, and the importance of keeping these systems in good health. Remind students of points discussed regarding the practical applications of this knowledge in professional areas like physiotherapy, exercise science, and ergonomics.

Closing

Wind up the lesson by discussing how combining theory with practical activities leads to a more rounded understanding of the topic. Stress the importance of applying what they've learned in both daily life and health care settings. Thank everyone for their active participation and encourage them to keep exploring the subject and maintain healthy habits for their musculoskeletal system.