Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

• Main Objective 1: Understand what inorganic acids are and the importance of correct nomenclature in Chemistry. Students should be able to identify inorganic acids and understand the need to name them correctly.

• Main Objective 2: Learn the nomenclature of inorganic acids. Students should be able to apply the rules of inorganic acid nomenclature in different examples.

• Main Objective 3: Identify the chemical formula of an inorganic acid from its name and vice versa. Students should be able to match the nomenclature and formula of an inorganic acid.

• Secondary Objectives:

  1. Develop problem-solving skills in Chemistry.
  2. Promote active student participation in class, encouraging questions and discussions.
  3. Stimulate the practice of scientific writing, through the elaboration of formulas and nomenclatures.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

• Content Review: The teacher starts the lesson with a brief review of the concepts of acids and bases, reinforcing the importance of these substances in Chemistry and in practical everyday applications. The concept of ions and their formation from the dissociation of acids in aqueous solution is also reviewed. (3 - 5 minutes)

• Problem Situations: The teacher presents two problem situations to the students:

  1. "How does a chemist know which acid he is using if it is not correctly labeled?"
  2. "If a chemist tells you he is working with H2SO4, could you tell him the common name of this acid?" (2 - 3 minutes)

• Contextualization: The teacher highlights the importance of correct nomenclature in Chemistry, emphasizing that the lack of attention to this detail can lead to serious errors in experiments and practical applications. Examples of accidents caused by nomenclature errors can be cited to illustrate the importance of the subject. (2 - 3 minutes)

• Introduction to the Topic: The teacher draws students' attention to the nomenclature of inorganic acids, presenting to them the curiosity that the origin of the chemical substance H2SO4, popularly known as "sulfuric acid," comes from the word "sulfur," which means "sulfur" in Latin. Another curious example is hydrochloric acid (HCl), which is the main component of gastric juice, aiding in digestion. (3 - 4 minutes)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

• Theory 1: What are Inorganic Acids? (5 - 7 minutes)

  1. The teacher begins the explanation by defining inorganic acids as substances that, in aqueous solution, release H+ ions as the only cation.
  2. It is emphasized that inorganic acids are commonly found in laboratories, in cleaning products, and even in our bodies, such as hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
  3. The teacher presents the general formula of inorganic acids, HnX, where H is hydrogen and X is a negatively charged atom or group of atoms.

• Theory 2: Rules of Inorganic Acid Nomenclature (7 - 10 minutes)

  1. The teacher introduces the nomenclature rules, starting with binary acids.
  2. It is explained that to name a binary acid, one simply needs to change the suffix of the non-metal element to "ic" and add the term "acid" at the beginning. For example, HCl would be Hydrochloric Acid.
  3. The teacher moves on to ternary acids, which have three elements. He explains that, in these cases, the suffix of the central atom is altered according to the oxidation table.
  4. It is emphasized that when naming a ternary acid, the term "acid" should be added at the beginning.
  5. The teacher presents practical examples, asking students to name different inorganic acids.

• Theory 3: Practice of Inorganic Acid Nomenclature (5 - 7 minutes)

  1. The teacher proposes a practical activity where students will have to name different inorganic acids.
  2. Students work individually, writing down the answers in their notebooks. The teacher circulates around the room, assisting students as needed.
  3. After some time, the teacher draws students' attention, reviewing the answers and clarifying any doubts.
  4. The teacher emphasizes the importance of practicing the nomenclature of inorganic acids to reinforce learning.

• Theory 4: Correlation between Name and Formula of Inorganic Acids (3 - 5 minutes)

  1. The teacher explains that, in addition to naming inorganic acids, it is important to be able to determine the chemical formula from the name.
  2. He presents examples of inorganic acids and asks students to determine the corresponding chemical formula.
  3. The teacher emphasizes that this is an essential skill for any Chemistry student and that practice is fundamental to mastering it.

• Practical Activity: Inorganic Acid Nomenclature (5 - 8 minutes)

  1. The teacher proposes a practical activity where students will have to name different inorganic acids.
  2. Students work individually, writing down the answers in their notebooks. The teacher circulates around the room, assisting students as needed.
  3. After some time, the teacher draws students' attention, reviewing the answers and clarifying any doubts.
  4. The teacher emphasizes the importance of practicing the nomenclature of inorganic acids to reinforce learning.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

• Concept Review (3 - 4 minutes)

  1. The teacher starts the review of concepts, asking students to share what they have learned in the lesson. Students are encouraged to talk about the rules of inorganic acid nomenclature and the importance of correctly naming these substances.
  2. The teacher reaffirms the importance of understanding the nomenclature of inorganic acids in the practice of Chemistry, highlighting that the lack of attention to this detail can lead to serious errors in experiments and practical applications.

• Connecting Theory with Practice (2 - 3 minutes)

  1. The teacher asks students to reflect on how the presented theory connects with practice. For example, he may ask how they would use the acquired knowledge to name an inorganic acid in a real scenario.
  2. The teacher may also ask students to share their experiences in trying to name inorganic acids during the practical activity. This can help identify areas that have not been fully understood and need further review.

• Reflective Questions (2 - 3 minutes)

  1. The teacher proposes some reflective questions for the students. For example, he may ask what was the most important concept learned in the lesson, or what questions have not been answered yet.
  2. Students are encouraged to reflect on these questions and share their answers with the class. The teacher may also ask students to write down their answers and bring them to the next lesson.

• Feedback and Closure (1 - 2 minutes)

  1. The teacher requests feedback from students about the lesson. For example, he may ask which parts of the lesson were most useful and which areas still need further explanation.
  2. The teacher thanks the students for their participation and concludes the lesson, reinforcing the importance of continuing to study and practice the nomenclature of inorganic acids.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

• Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes)

  1. The teacher summarizes the main points covered during the lesson, reinforcing the definition of inorganic acids, the nomenclature rules, and the importance of correctly naming these substances.
  2. He emphasizes that the nomenclature of inorganic acids is essential for effective communication among chemists and for the safe conduct of experiments and practical applications.

• Theory-Practice-Applications Connection (1 - 2 minutes)

  1. The teacher highlights how the lesson connected the theory of inorganic acid nomenclature with the practice of naming different examples of these substances.
  2. He reminds students that the knowledge acquired in the lesson is not only useful for the classroom but also has practical applications in many aspects of everyday life and in various careers, such as in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

• Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

  1. The teacher suggests some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge of inorganic acid nomenclature. This may include online videos, chemistry websites, textbooks, and additional practice exercises.
  2. He may also recommend that students review the lesson content, make additional notes, or clarify any doubts they may have.

• Subject Importance (1 minute)

  1. Finally, the teacher reinforces the relevance of the subject covered in the lesson, highlighting once again the importance of correct nomenclature in Chemistry.
  2. He encourages students to continue studying and practicing the nomenclature of inorganic acids, reminding them that regular practice is essential for strengthening learning.