Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding Present Continuous: The main objective of this lesson is to ensure that students understand the concept and structure of the Present Continuous tense. They should be able to identify and form sentences correctly in this tense.

2. Identification of Uses and Applications: Students should be able to identify the different uses and applications of the Present Continuous in the context of real sentences. They should learn to differentiate between habitual, temporary, and current use.

3. Development of Reading and Listening Skills: In addition to theory, students should be able to apply what they have learned in practice. They should be able to read and listen to sentences in the Present Continuous, and understand the meaning and context of them.

Secondary Objectives

1. Vocabulary Development: Through practicing the Present Continuous, students will have the opportunity to develop their English vocabulary.

2. Improvement of Pronunciation and Fluency: By practicing reading and listening to sentences with the Present Continuous, students will also have the chance to improve their pronunciation and fluency in the English language.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content: The teacher should start the lesson by reminding students about the tenses already studied - Simple Present and Present Continuous. It is important for students to have a solid understanding of the Simple Present, as the Present Continuous is an extension of this tense. The teacher can do this through a brief oral or written review, using practical examples to reinforce learning. (3 - 4 minutes)

2. Problem Situations: The teacher should then present two problem situations that will serve as a hook for the topic Introduction. For example, "How would you describe what is happening right now?" and "How would you describe a temporary action that is happening now, but is not habitual?" The teacher should encourage students to think about their answers, but not necessarily provide the correct answers at this time. (3 - 4 minutes)

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then contextualize the importance of the Present Continuous, explaining that it is a very common tense in everyday conversations, especially when describing what is happening at the moment. Additionally, the teacher may mention that the Present Continuous is often used in news and reports, making it a valuable linguistic skill for students. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Introduction to the Topic: Finally, the teacher should introduce the topic of the Present Continuous in an engaging way to capture the students' attention. For example, the teacher can tell a short story or give a slide presentation highlighting the use of the Present Continuous. Another option is to show a video or music that prominently uses the Present Continuous. These activities can help bring the topic to life and make it more appealing to students. (2 - 3 minutes)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory - Presentation of Present Continuous (8 - 10 minutes)

   • Definition: The teacher should start by explaining that the Present Continuous is used to talk about actions that are happening at the time of speaking, actions that are happening temporarily, but not necessarily at the time of speaking, and actions planned for the future. The teacher should emphasize that the Present Continuous is formed by the verb "to be" in the present (am, is, are) followed by the gerund of the main verb (verb + ing).
   • Formation: The teacher should demonstrate the formation of the Present Continuous through examples. For example, "I am eating", "She is dancing", "They are playing".
   • Contractions: The teacher should mention that "to be" can be contracted when followed by a verb, for example, "I'm eating", "She's dancing", "They're playing".
   • Negation and Interrogation: The teacher should explain that the negation of the Present Continuous is formed by adding "not" after the "to be", for example, "I am not eating", "She is not dancing", "They are not playing". To form questions in the Present Continuous, the teacher should invert the "to be" and the subject, for example, "Am I eating?", "Is she dancing?", "Are they playing?".
   • Gap-Filling Activity: The teacher should provide students with a series of sentences in the Present Continuous with gaps that they must fill in. This will help reinforce the formation of the tense.

2. Practice - Identification and Creation of Sentences in the Present Continuous (8 - 10 minutes)

   • Identification of Sentences: The teacher should give students a set of sentences that include the Present Continuous and ask them to identify the tense in each sentence. This will allow students to practice identifying the tense in real sentences.
   • Creation of Sentences: The teacher should then ask students to create their own sentences in the Present Continuous. This will allow students to practice forming sentences in the tense.

3. Theory - Uses and Applications of the Present Continuous (4 - 5 minutes)

   • Habits and Current Actions: The teacher should explain that the Present Continuous can be used to describe actions that are happening at the time of speaking. For example, "I am eating lunch", "She is dancing in the living room", "They are playing soccer in the park".
   • Temporary Actions: The teacher should explain that the Present Continuous can also be used to describe actions that are happening temporarily, but not necessarily at the time of speaking. For example, "I am reading a book this week", "She is staying with us for a month", "They are working on a project until Friday".
   • Planned Future Actions: The teacher should explain that the Present Continuous can be used to describe actions planned for the future. For example, "I am going to the party tomorrow", "She is visiting her parents next week", "They are starting a new job in January".

4. Practice - Application of the Uses and Applications of the Present Continuous (4 - 5 minutes)

   • Context Connection Activity: The teacher should provide students with a series of situations and ask them to create sentences in the Present Continuous that apply to each situation. For example, "Are you studying for the exam now?", "Are you planning to travel next month?", "Are you watching a movie tonight?". This will allow students to practice applying the different uses of the Present Continuous in real contexts.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Connection to the Real World (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher should encourage students to make connections between what they have learned in the lesson and the real world. For example, the teacher may ask students to think about situations where they would use the Present Continuous in their daily lives or in professional contexts.
   • The teacher may also ask students to identify examples of sentences in the Present Continuous in English reading materials, such as books, magazines, newspaper articles, etc. This will help students see the relevance and practical application of what they have learned.

2. Reflection on Learning (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher should then ask students to reflect on what they have learned. They should think about the answers to the following questions:
     1. What was the most important concept you learned today?
     2. What questions do you still have about the Present Continuous?
   • The teacher should give students a minute to think about their answers, and then ask for some volunteers to share their reflections with the class. This will not only help the teacher assess students' understanding of the topic, but also provide students with the opportunity to clarify any doubts they may have.

3. Feedback and Closure (2 minutes)

   • The teacher should provide feedback to students on their performance in the lesson, praising strengths and offering constructive suggestions for improvements.
   • The teacher should then close the lesson by briefly recapping what was learned and highlighting the importance of the Present Continuous in English communication. The teacher should also inform students about what will be covered in the next lesson, preparing them for the next study topic.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should start the Conclusion by summarizing the main points covered in the lesson. This includes the definition and formation of the Present Continuous, the identification and creation of sentences in this tense, and the different uses and applications of the Present Continuous.
   • The teacher can recap the most important concepts, reinforce the grammar rules, and highlight examples that illustrate each point.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should emphasize how the lesson connected theory (the definition and formation of the Present Continuous), practice (the identification and creation of sentences in the tense), and real-world applications (the different uses of the Present Continuous).
   • The teacher can highlight how practical activities, such as the gap-filling activity and the context connection activity, helped students apply theory into practice.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their understanding of the Present Continuous. This may include links to YouTube videos that explain the tense, English learning websites with interactive exercises, and English grammar books that have sections dedicated to the Present Continuous.
   • The teacher may also recommend that students practice the Present Continuous in their daily English study activities, such as listening to English music, watching movies and series, and reading books and articles in English.

4. Importance of the Present Continuous (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher should reinforce the importance of the Present Continuous in English communication. The teacher can explain that, as the Present Continuous describes actions that are happening at the time of speaking, it is often used in everyday conversations.
   • The teacher can also mention that the Present Continuous is used in many different contexts, from informal conversations to news reports, making it a valuable linguistic skill for students.