Lesson plan of World: Biomes

Objectives (5 minutes)

1. Understand the concept of biomes and their importance in the formation of the planet and in the diversity of life.
2. Identify and describe the different biomes that exist in the world, highlighting their characteristics, fauna, and flora.
3. Understand the relationship between human action and the preservation of biomes, recognizing the importance of sustainability.

Secondary Objectives:

• Develop research and analysis skills, encouraging students to seek information about biomes.
• Promote environmental awareness, highlighting the need to preserve biomes and biodiversity.
• Stimulate critical thinking, allowing students to understand the impacts of human actions on biomes and the need for sustainable practices.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous content (3 - 5 minutes): The teacher should begin the class by briefly reviewing the concepts related to ecosystems, biodiversity, and human action in the environment. This review can be done through questions directed to students or through a brief summary presented by the teacher.

2. Problem situations (5 - 7 minutes): The teacher should propose two situations that involve understanding biomes. For example:

   • "Imagine that you are a scientist who has just discovered a new region of the planet with unique characteristics of climate, vegetation, and fauna. How would you determine if this area represents a new biome or if it is part of an already known biome?"

   • "Suppose that you are an environmental consultant and have been hired to develop a project to preserve a biome threatened by human action. What would be the main actions that you would propose and why?"

3. Contextualization (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should explain the importance of biomes for life on Earth, highlighting that each biome hosts a great diversity of plant and animal species, and that the destruction of biomes can lead to the extinction of several species. The teacher can also mention the importance of biomes for climate regulation and water production.

4. Introduction to the topic (2 - 3 minutes): To arouse the students' interest, the teacher can share some curiosities about biomes. For example:

   • "Did you know that most of the oxygen we breathe is produced in the Amazon, the largest biome in the world?"

   • "Did you know that the largest desert in the world is not the Sahara, but Antarctica, which is considered a desert due to its low rainfall?"

   In addition, the teacher can show images of different biomes around the world, so that students can visualize the differences in terms of climate, vegetation, and fauna.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Presentation of the Theory (10 - 12 minutes):

   • Definition of Biomes (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should begin the presentation by explaining that a biome is a large area of land with specific characteristics of climate, soil, vegetation, and fauna. These characteristics are determined mainly by latitude, altitude, proximity to the sea, and human action. The teacher can use the example of different biomes, such as the Amazon Rainforest, the Sahara Desert, and the African Fields, to illustrate these differences.

   • Types of Biomes (3 - 4 minutes): Next, the teacher should present the main types of biomes that exist in the world, such as the Tropical Forest, the Tundra, the Savanna, the Desert, the Prairie, the Taiga, among others. The teacher should describe the distinctive characteristics of each biome, including the climate, the dominant vegetation, the typical fauna, and the adaptations of plants and animals to survive in these conditions.

   • Human Action and Biomes (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should then discuss how human action can affect biomes. He should highlight that the destruction of biomes for the creation of pastures, plantations, and human settlements can lead to the loss of biodiversity and climate change. The teacher should also talk about the importance of preserving biomes and the sustainable use of their resources.

2. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should divide the class into groups and assign each group the task of researching a specific biome. The groups should prepare a brief presentation on the biome, including information on its location, climate, vegetation, fauna, and the threats that the biome faces due to human action.

   • After the research, each group should present its findings to the class. During the presentations, the teacher should encourage students to ask questions and discuss the information presented.

3. Practical Activity (5 - 6 minutes):

   • The teacher should distribute a world map for each group and ask them to mark the location of the biomes they researched. This will allow students to visualize the distribution of biomes around the world.

   • The teacher should also provide students with cutouts of images of plants and animals typical of each biome. The students should paste these images on the world map, next to the location of the corresponding biome. This will help students to associate the visual characteristics of biomes with their geographical location.

At the end of the Development, the students should have acquired a solid understanding of the concept of biomes, the diversity of biomes that exist in the world, the relationship between human action and biomes, and the importance of preserving biomes for life on Earth.

Feedback (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should gather all the students and ask each group to share the solutions or conclusions found during the practical activity. Each group will have a limited time to make their presentation (3 - 4 minutes).
   • During the presentations, the teacher should encourage students to ask questions and express their opinions. This will promote a collaborative learning environment and allow students to learn from each other.
   • The teacher should also take this opportunity to clarify any doubts that may have arisen during the presentations, reinforcing the key concepts related to biomes.

2. Connection with the Theory (3 - 4 minutes):

   • After all the presentations, the teacher should summarize the main information presented by the groups. The teacher should highlight how the characteristics of each biome, its location, and human action affect the biodiversity and balance of the planet.
   • The teacher should also reinforce the importance of preserving biomes, emphasizing that sustainability and biodiversity conservation are the responsibility of everyone, not just scientists and environmentalists.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher should propose that students reflect individually on what they learned during the class. To do this, the teacher can ask some questions, such as:
     1. What was the most important concept you learned today?
     2. What questions are still unanswered?
   • Students should have a minute to think about these questions. Then, they should share their answers with the class, if they feel comfortable.

4. Teacher Feedback (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Based on the students' responses and their participation during the class, the teacher should provide general feedback to the class. The teacher should praise the students' effort and dedication, reinforce the positive points, and suggest areas that can be improved.
   • The teacher should also encourage students to continue exploring the topic of biomes, whether through additional readings, documentaries, visits to natural history museums, or even observing nature around them.

At the end of the Feedback, the students should have had the opportunity to consolidate what they learned, reflect on the topic, and receive useful feedback to improve their understanding. The teacher, in turn, will have a clear idea of the class's level of understanding and will be able to plan future activities according to the students' needs.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of the main points (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should recap the main concepts covered during the class, reinforcing the students' understanding of what biomes are, the diversity of biomes that exist, the characteristics of each biome, and the relationship between human action and the biomes. The teacher can use this moment to correct possible misunderstandings and reinforce key points.

2. Connection of theory to practice (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should explain how the class connected theory, practice, and applications. For example, the teacher can highlight how the research done by the students on biomes, the group discussion, and the practical activity allowed the students to apply the theoretical concepts of biomes to real situations. The teacher should also emphasize the relevance of the topic to the students' daily lives, highlighting how the preservation of biomes is fundamental for the maintenance of biodiversity and for the quality of life on the planet.

3. Extra materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should suggest extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge about biomes. These materials may include books, articles, documentaries, websites of environmental organizations, and educational games. The teacher should emphasize that learning is a continuous process and that students can and should explore the topics that interest them the most outside the classroom.

4. Importance of the topic (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should summarize the importance of the topic covered for everyday life, society, and the world. The teacher should reinforce that biomes are not just places of natural beauty, but also play a fundamental role in maintaining the balance of the planet, regulating the climate, producing water, and preserving biodiversity. The teacher should encourage students to reflect on what they can do in their daily lives to contribute to the preservation of biomes and biodiversity.