(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of History

In a large number of countries and regions around the world, the 60s were characterized by the development of new forms of political expression and new social movements. The protagonists of these movements were diverse, but they had a common and initially surprising trait for many: they came from social groups different from those populating the worker, socialist, or communist movements of the 'Old Left'. They also had very different interests and demands from previous revolutionary movements. Whether they were young Germans fighting against aspects of their country's fascist past, French students in revolt against authoritarian aspects of French universities, or young Americans opposed to the Vietnam War, these people had a vision of total social transformation, but very different from the one centered on seizing state power or appropriating the means of production by the industrial proletariat, through the action of political parties acting on behalf of others. It could be the 'last great utopia', as many claim, but they stood out for a vision of transformation that, instead of subjugating the individual to the collectivity (as brutally happened in countries under Stalinist regime), started from the transformation of the individual and everyday social relations to dream and establish new forms of anti-hierarchical and anti-bureaucratic collective organization.

Question 56. To answer the question, read the following text: "(...) has 46 kilometers in length by six to ten in width, next to the Mediterranean. (...) 1,200,000 Palestinians live in almost 60% of the territory. It is one of the most densely populated regions in the world. Israel controls 62% of the lands, including the colonies, military bases, and buffer zones, but Israeli settlers number only six thousand, representing just 5% of the population (...). Of every four inhabitants (...), three are refugees, expelled from their homes in 1948 by the Israelis, or descendants of these expelled Palestinians." (DERRIDA, J. et. all. Journey to Palestine. Rio de Janeiro: Ediouro, 2004, p. 150). Based on the described characteristics, the area mentioned in the text corresponds to:

The independence of Haiti in 1804 was an important milestone for Latin America, resulting from a long struggle led by Toussaint Louverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines. In addition to being the first independent republic in Latin America, the Haitian Revolution also stood out for which fundamental characteristic?

During the Middle Ages, the Arabs established important commercial relations with other regions of the world, especially with Western Europe and Central Asia. What were the main products exchanged between these regions?