(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Sociology

Rua Preciados, six in the evening. In the distance, the human mass that fills Puerta Del Sol Square in Madrid rises. A group of girls, upon seeing the scene, runs towards the crowd. Thousands of people make the slogan resonate: 'Not us, not us, do not represent us'. A boy speaks through the megaphone: 'We demand to submit the bank bailout to a referendum'. RODRÍGUEZ, The Puerta Del Sol, the great speaker. Brasil de Fato, São Paulo, May 26 - June 1, 2011. Adapted. In 2011, the camp of the Spanish Indignados expressed all the political discontent of European youth. What proposal synthesizes the set of political demands of these young people?

Mass culture refers to the set of ideas, values, and cultural products produced and disseminated on a large scale by the media, such as radio, television, cinema, and the internet. This culture reaches a vast number of people from different social classes, influencing the behavior, opinions, and tastes of a large part of the population. Considering this concept of mass culture and its relationship with the media, 1) analyze how this dynamic affects cultural diversity and the formation of individual and collective identities; 2) discuss the influence of cultural industries on the process of globalization and its consequences on the world stage; and 3) present possible criticisms of this culture, pointing out strategies for resistance and valorization of local and regional cultural expressions.

Social inequality is a phenomenon that manifests itself in various dimensions of life in society, including unequal access to resources, opportunities, and rights. In the Brazilian context, analysts often identify inequality as one of the main challenges for the consolidation of a fairer and more equitable society. According to IBGE data, in 2020, the average monthly income of the top 10% was about 20 times higher than the income of the bottom 40%. Based on this scenario and knowledge about social stratification and inequality, evaluate the following statements:

In the contemporary context, technological transformations have reshaped the labor market scenario, altering both the work dynamics and the skills demanded from workers. In 'The Network Society', the sociologist Manuel Castells argues that the current society is shaped by new information and communication technologies, creating a 'space of flows' where economic activity is increasingly virtual and immaterial. Given this scenario and considering Castells' ideas, analyze the impact of digital technologies on the labor sphere, discussing the skills required for work in the 'space of flows' and the possible social and economic consequences of this phenomenon.