Lesson Plan Teknis | Marx and Nietzsche

Objective

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

This part of the lesson plan is designed to lay a strong foundation for grasping the theories of Marx and Nietzsche, placing their ideas within the context of the 19th century, and tracing their impact through to the present. Fostering these analytical and reflective skills is vital in equipping students for today's job market, where critical thinking and the interplay between theory and practice are highly sought after.

Objective Utama:

1. Understand the key concepts and ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Nietzsche.

2. Examine the historical backdrop of the 19th century and its impact on the thoughts of these philosophers.

3. Identify the relevance of Marx and Nietzsche's ideas in today's society.

Objective Sampingan:

1. Encourage critical reflection on philosophical ideas.
2. Promote the ability to link philosophical theories with real-world applications.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

Purpose: This segment sets out to engage students with the lesson's topic in a meaningful and relevant manner, linking the philosophies of Marx and Nietzsche to real-life scenarios and the job market. The initial activity aims to pique students' interest and stimulate critical thinking from the outset.

Curiosities and Market Connection

Curiosities and Market Connection: Marx’s thoughts frequently crop up in discussions regarding economic inequality and workers' rights, informing labour movements and public policy worldwide. Nietzsche, on the other hand, is influential in debates on ethics, psychology, and culture, impacting fields like marketing and leadership. Companies today frequently harness Nietzschean concepts to inspire innovation and creativity, encouraging staff to 'think outside the box.'

Contextualization

Contextualisation: The 19th century was a period of significant upheaval due to the Industrial Revolution, which heralded technological advancements alongside social inequality and exploitation of workers. In this climate, Karl Marx and Friedrich Nietzsche emerged as pivotal thinkers who challenged the socio-political and cultural order of their day. While Marx critiqued capitalism and advocated for a classless society, Nietzsche scrutinised traditional moral values and championed the idea of the 'Übermensch.' Engaging with their ideas is essential for understanding contemporary social and cultural dynamics.

Initial Activity

Initial Activity: Begin with a brief video (3-5 minutes) that vividly showcases the fundamental ideas of Marx and Nietzsche. Follow this up by posing a thought-provoking question for small group discussions: 'In what ways can the ideas of Marx and Nietzsche be applied in today's workplace?'

Development

Duration: 55 - 65 minutes

This section aims to deepen students' comprehension of Marx and Nietzsche's philosophies through applied and reflective activities. The simulated debate fosters interactive, collaborative learning while the fixation exercises help ensure conceptual consolidation.

Topics

1. Key concepts of Karl Marx: Historical materialism, Class struggle, Surplus value.

2. Key concepts of Friedrich Nietzsche: Will to power, Eternal recurrence, Übermensch.

3. Historical context of the 19th century: The Industrial Revolution, Social and political movements.

4. Impact of Marx and Nietzsche in today's world: Social movements, Public policy, Culture and ethics.

Thoughts on the Subject

Guide students in reflecting on how Marx and Nietzsche’s ideas, though conceived in the 19th century, are still relevant in today’s social, economic, and cultural landscapes. Discuss how Marx's critique of capitalism and Nietzsche's challenge to traditional morals manifest in today's market practices and work relationships.

Mini Challenge

Mini Challenge: Simulated Debate on Marx and Nietzsche's Ideas

Students will split into groups to engage in a simulated debate, with each group representing one of the key ideas from either Marx or Nietzsche. They will defend their positions based on previous readings and research.

1. Divide the class into four groups, each representing one of the key ideas of Marx or Nietzsche (Historical materialism, Class struggle, Will to power, Übermensch).

2. Allocate 10 minutes for group members to review their notes and prep for the debate.

3. Each group will have 5 minutes to present its argument and defend its idea.

4. Open the floor for an exchange of questions and answers between the groups after all presentations, facilitating the interchange of ideas and viewpoints.

5. Wrap up the debate with a collective reflection on the discussions and how these ideas relate to the modern world.

Enhance argumentative skills, deepen understanding of philosophical concepts, and connect these ideas to contemporary contexts.

**Duration: 30 - 40 minutes

Evaluation Exercises

1. What are Karl Marx's main critiques of capitalism?

2. Explain Nietzsche's concept of the 'Übermensch' and its challenge to traditional moral values.

3. How did the 19th-century historical context shape the ideas of Marx and Nietzsche?

4. Provide examples of how the ideas of Marx and Nietzsche are reflected in modern market practices and workplace relations.

Conclusion

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The aim of this concluding segment is to solidify students' learning, offering a coherent overview of the topics discussed. This provides an opportunity to reinforce the importance of the ideas explored and their practical relevance, ensuring students depart with a solid understanding applicable to contemporary contexts.

Discussion

Facilitate a wrap-up discussion allowing students to share their insights about what they learned. Ask them how the theories of Marx and Nietzsche might apply to their personal experiences and future careers. Encourage reflections on the challenges and exercises undertaken during the lesson and their contribution to their understanding of the topics explored.

Summary

Summarise the key points covered regarding Karl Marx and Friedrich Nietzsche, highlighting concepts such as historical materialism, class struggle, surplus value, will to power, eternal recurrence, and Übermensch. Briefly review the historical context of the 19th century and its influence on these thinkers' ideas. Additionally, underscore Marx and Nietzsche's impacts in today's society.

Closing

Discuss how the lesson intertwined theory with practice through engaging activities, debates, and reflections. Emphasise the importance of developing critical thinking and argumentative skills, which are valuable in the job market. Highlight the relevance of Marx and Nietzsche for understanding current social, economic, and cultural dynamics, as well as the application of their theories across various professional fields.