Lesson Plan | Socioemotional Learning | Modernity: Ethnocentrism and Racism

Objective

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The goal of this segment is to provide students with context on the key concepts to be discussed throughout the lesson, laying a solid groundwork for further conversations and activities. By exploring themes such as ethnocentrism, racism, and xenophobia, students will enhance their ability to critically reflect on societal issues while building their socio-emotional skills in a holistic manner.

Objective Utama

1. Grasp the concept of ethnocentrism and its occurrence in modern society.

2. Identify and critically assess the various forms of racism and xenophobia prevalent in today's world.

Introduction

Duration: 15 to 20 minutes

Emotional Warmup Activity

Guided Meditation for Focus and Presence

The selected emotional warm-up activity is Guided Meditation. This involves a series of verbal prompts designed to help students focus their minds, find relaxation, and mentally gear up for the class. Guided meditation can be a powerful tool to calm the mind, alleviate stress, and enhance concentration, enabling students to be fully engaged during the lesson.

1. 📍 Preparation: Ask students to sit comfortably in their chairs, ensuring their feet are flat on the ground and hands on their thighs. They should either close their eyes or fixate on a point in front of them.

2. 📍 Initial Breathing: Guide students to begin with a few deep breaths, inhaling through their nose and exhaling through their mouth. Encourage them to pay attention to the sensation of air moving in and out of their lungs.

3. 📍 Guiding the Meditation: Start guiding the meditation softly. Ask students to picture a tranquil place where they feel at ease. This could be a beach, a quiet park, or anywhere they feel secure.

4. 📍 Sensory Exploration: Prompt students to engage with this imagined place using all their senses. Ask them what they can see, hear, feel, and smell, and encourage them to fully immerse in this sensory experience.

5. 📍 Focus on Breathing: After a few moments, gently shift the focus back to their breath. Ask students to count each inhalation and exhalation up to ten before starting again, keeping their attention centered.

6. 📍 Conclusion: Gradually guide students back to the present. Ask them to wiggle their fingers and toes, stretch their arms, and when they're ready, open their eyes. Inquire about how they feel and if they are prepared to start the class.

Content Contextualization

To kick off the lesson on Modernity, Ethnocentrism, and Racism, it's vital to connect these concepts with everyday events and scenarios that students can relate to. For instance, discuss recent incidents of racism that have received media coverage, such as the Black Lives Matter movement, while delving into how ethnocentrism can shape behaviors and viewpoints in our culture. Sharing stories of individuals who have faced and transcended prejudices can significantly help students recognize the necessity of understanding and addressing these issues. It's also important to discuss how these attitudes affect individuals' emotional and social well-being, fostering reflections on empathy and respect for others.

Development

Duration: 60 to 75 minutes

Theory Guide

Duration: 20 to 25 minutes

1. Concept of Ethnocentrism: Ethnocentrism refers to the inclination to judge other cultures through the lens of one's own culture. Explain to students that this mindset can lead to discrimination and bias, as it tends to elevate one culture above others.

2. Behavior of Modern Man: Talk about how human behavior in modern times is shaped by diverse cultures and how globalization plays a significant role in socio-cultural interactions. Use examples illustrating how technology and global communication can both foster and exacerbate feelings of ethnocentrism.

3. Racism: Define racism as the belief in the supremacy of one race over others, which results in racial bias and discrimination. Offer both historical and contemporary instances, such as Apartheid in South Africa and the Black Lives Matter movement, to explain the ramifications of racism in society.

4. Xenophobia: Clarify that xenophobia is the fear or aversion towards individuals from different countries or cultures. Cite current examples, such as the refugee crisis and stringent immigration policies, to ground the discussion.

5. Social and Emotional Consequences: Explain how these discriminatory practices impact not just the victims but society as a whole. Place emphasis on the importance of empathy, respect, and understanding in fostering a just and equitable society.

Activity with Socioemotional Feedback

Duration: 30 to 35 minutes

Simulated Debate: Ethnocentrism, Racism, and Xenophobia

In this exercise, students will engage in a simulated debate, working in groups to discuss issues related to ethnocentrism, racism, and xenophobia. Each group will present varying viewpoints on a given case, encouraging a deeper and more compassionate understanding of these issues.

1. 📍 Group Formation: Divide students into groups of 4 to 5. Each group will receive a unique case centred on ethnocentrism, racism, or xenophobia.

2. 📍 Role Distribution: Assign roles within each group such as 'Advocate', 'Opponent', 'Moderator', and 'Observer'. Each role will have distinct responsibilities throughout the debate.

3. 📍 Research and Preparation: Allow groups 10 minutes to research and prepare their arguments based on the assigned case, utilizing historical facts, contemporary examples, and data to bolster their positions.

4. 📍 Conducting the Debate: Each group will have 5 minutes to present their arguments, followed by an additional 2 minutes for rebuttals. The moderator should ensure all members have an opportunity to voice their opinions.

5. 📍 Observation and Notes: The Observer in each group should jot down key points discussed and any emotional reactions noticed during the debate.

6. 📍 Conclusion and Reflection: Following the debate, reconvene the groups for a discussion on the emotions felt and noted during the activity, using the RULER method.

Discussion and Group Feedback

🔄 Applying the RULER Method:

1. Recognize: Invite students to share the feelings they experienced during the debate. Encourage them to recognize these emotions both in themselves and amongst their peers.

2. Understand: Discuss what resulted in these emotions. Ask students to identify what triggered them and the implications these feelings had during the debate.

3. Name: Prompt students to label the emotions they experienced, such as frustration, empathy, anger, or understanding.

4. Express: Guide students on how to express these feelings appropriately while being respectful to others, and reflect on how they might communicate differently.

5. Regulate: Discuss strategies for managing these emotions going forward. Prompt students to think about how they could implement these strategies in future conflicts or debates.

Conclusion

Duration: 20 to 25 minutes

Reflection and Emotional Regulation

📍 Written Reflection: Ask students to write a short paragraph reflecting on the challenges they encountered during the simulated debate and how they coped with their emotions. Encourage them to contemplate what insights they gained about themselves and their emotional reactions when discussing complex topics like ethnocentrism, racism, and xenophobia. Post-writing, facilitate a group discussion where students can share their reflections, if they wish, and explore emotional regulation strategies they found useful.

Objective: The aim of this section is to foster self-assessment and emotional regulation, supporting students in recognizing effective strategies for managing challenging scenarios. By reflecting on their feelings and behaviors throughout the lesson, students can enhance their self-awareness and self-control, applying these skills in future situations.

Glimpse into the Future

📍 Goal Setting: Encourage students to set personal and academic goals that are tied to the lesson's content. They should consider how they can apply their learning on ethnocentrism, racism, and xenophobia in their everyday lives and school community. Urge students to document these goals and, if comfortable, share them with a classmate to foster mutual accountability.

Penetapan Objective:

1. Deepen understanding of how ethnocentrism and racism affect society.

2. Cultivate empathy and respect in daily interactions.

3. Encourage informed dialogues about diversity and inclusivity.

4. Implement effective emotional regulation strategies in conflict scenarios.

5. Engage in initiatives and projects aimed at countering prejudice and discrimination. Objective: The goal of this section is to bolster students' capacity for autonomy and the practical application of their learning, providing continuity in both academic and personal growth. By defining specific goals, students are motivated to apply their socio-emotional competencies and insights gained to drive positive change in their own lives and within the community.